Some skin diseases

What is vitiligo?

Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease that manifests itself by the appearance of white spots . Depigmentation is due to a lack of melanin, which is responsible for skin pigmentation.

It is a disruption of the immune system that considers melanocyte cells as enemies and destroys them. The areas of depigmentation vary.

Vitiligo is said to occur as a result of emotional shock, but this disease, which affects only one to two percent of the population, is still too little known, and to date there is no cure.

There are three types of vitiligo: :

• Segmental vitiligo, which occurs on a single part or side of the body, for example, part of the face, an arm, a leg, part of the stomach, or the back.

• Generalized vitiligo affects both sides of the body, often symmetrically.

• Vitiligo universalis, which is rarer and affects a large part, or even the entire body.

External causes of vitiligo can also include sunburn, injuries, or shock. Certain chemical exposures can also trigger it.

What is psoriasis?

Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease, it is an autoimmune disease. It is characterized by the appearance of thick plaques on the skin that peel off (they come off in the form of scales). The plaques appear in different places on the body, on areas of friction, such as the elbows, knees or even the scalp , leaving reddish areas of skin.

This disease is not contagious and progresses in cycles, with periods of remission. It affects 2 to 4% of the population, particularly Caucasians.

It most often appears in the early thirties. However, it can affect children, even the youngest. Psoriasis affects men and women equally.

Its precise cause is unknown, but genetic and environmental factors may well be responsible. A history is present in approximately 40% of cases. Cases of physical or psychological stress can be triggers.

Autoimmune reactions in the skin may also be responsible for its onset. Cells renew themselves at a much too rapid rate, accumulating to form thick scabs on the skin.

Psoriasis can be uncomfortable or painful if it occurs on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, or in skin folds. Its extent varies from person to person. Psoriasis can be embarrassing and interfere with normal social life.

What is eczema?

Eczema is characterized by inflammation A non-contagious skin condition characterized by redness and itching. It can occur very early in life, and some infants may be affected. This disease results in flare-ups during which symptoms are more severe, followed by periods of remission. Asthma and allergic reactions are often associated with this condition.

The mechanisms of the disease are not yet fully understood, but skin cells and the immune system are thought to be affected. Stress and irritating chemicals are thought to be factors influencing the development of eczema.

It is the most common skin disease, affecting up to 30% of children and 10% of adults today. Eczema cases are estimated to have tripled over the past thirty years.

What is acne?

Acne is an inflammation of the sebaceous glands that produce sebum. This condition particularly affects adolescents and is characterized by the appearance of pimples on the face, back, neck, and chest. The thick sebum clogs the skin's pores.

Severe acne can leave scars on the skin, the main aspects of acne are:

- Whiteheads or comedones

- Blackheads

- The red buttons

- Pustules

This text was written for informational purposes; the specialist who can make a true skin diagnosis is the dermatologist.